Although progress does not stand still, everything in the world is modernized and renewed, humans have not learned to defeat helminths. They did not lose weight even after using new and effective drugs.
Each out of 250 parasite known to mankind negatively affects people's health in its own way, causing various diseases with only their own symptoms.
classification
In order to make dealing with these parasites at least a little easier, people have grappled with their studies. There are several types of worms with similar characteristics and external data.
The first type includes roundworms. The second combines flatworms, which include tapeworms and leeches.
Worms are:
- Contact;
- Biohelminthic;
- Geohelminthic.
This classification depends on the methods of their introduction into the body and the places of diffusion.
Biohelminths
These are beef and pork tapeworms, real nococci, cestodes and trematodes. In order to fully pass their life cycle, these parasites have to change several hosts. They can infect insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish, and humans, who eventually become carriers of helminths.
Geohelminths
These parasites include:
- Ascaris;
- Vlasoglava;
- Hookworms;
- Nectators;
Such parasites do not need an intermediate host for normal development.
Contact
This group includes pinworms, which people develop enterobiasis, and dwarf tapeworms, which are the cause of hymenolepiasis.
How can you get infected with worms?
- Biohelminths enter humans through the ingestion of insufficiently processed pork and beef.
- A broad tapeworm or opisthorchis may lurk in lightly salted or raw fish, since river waters and waters of lakes are rich in parasite larvae living in them. Vacationers often make fatal mistakes when they drink, wash dishes or vegetables with such water.
- Geohelminths, or rather their larvae, have been in the ground for some time and get there together with the feces of infected people and animals. The new owner is not long in coming. There are many people who do not wash their hands outdoors or after working in the countryside.
- Helminthiasis can develop to a completely healthy person after contact with an infected person, if there are a lot of dust particles with parasite eggs in the air, through dishes and household items.
Where do worms settle in humans?
Most adult worms often settle in the colon. Pinworms and whipworms also find shelter there. In the liver, clonorchis, oporchis, fasciola are often observed. They all belong to the trematodes.
They cause irreparable damage to the biliary tract and liver and form echinococcal cysts from which worms spread after they break.
Common worms
The most common worms in humans are:
- Ascaris (causing ascariasis);
- Broad tapeworm (causing diphyllobothriasis);
- Pinworms (enterobiasis).
People suffering from the vicinity of these parasites suffer from hypovitaminosis, anemia and other diseases of the body.
- Ascariasis can appear in a person after eating dirty vegetables and fruits.
- Diphyllobothriasis gets sick from poorly cooked fish and caviar.
- Enterobiasis occurs after contact with infected people.
The development of worms in the acute stage lasts 15-65 days, the course of chronic worm infestation continues 35-65 days after the acute stage. The presence of helminths in the organs squeezes and damages them mechanically, both the organs and nearby tissues.
The transition of helminth invasion to a chronic form is associated with a decrease in immunity, which leads to fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. A helminth invasion often becomes the cause of cancer.
Signs of worms in an adult
Symptoms generally depend on which worm entered the body. There are specific signs of every helminthic invasion.
Ascariasis
Ascaris infection is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Rashes;
- Nausea accompanied by abdominal pain;
- Decreased appetite
- Increased rates of eosonophils.
Prolonged stay in Ascaris' body can lead to peritonitis, appendicitis, and intestinal obstruction.
Diphyllobothriasis
This helminthic invasion is often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Nausea;
- Stool problems;
- Isolation of parasitic fragments;
- Stomach pain;
- A severe loss of body weight.
As a result, people develop severe anemia due to a lack of protein, iron, and vitamin B.
Enterobiasis
This disease is accompanied by:
- Itching in the anus, which can often lead to dermatitis;
- Abdominal pain of unknown origin;
If we consider the general symptoms of a helminth invasion, it manifests itself in the following:
- There are incomprehensible, itchy rashes for no apparent reason;
- Places of localization of parasites swell;
- Cough without cold signs with attacks of suffocation;
- Fever worries;
- Regional lymph nodes are enlarged;
- Weakness, fatigue is observed;
- Serious diseases appear - allergic myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis;
- Lymph nodes are affected;
- There is blood in the urine;
- Stool is disturbed, flatulence and blood contamination in the feces are observed.
Treatment of worms in adults
It is necessary to treat worms in humans strictly under the supervision and control of the attending physician. This applies to both children and adults. The slightest deviation from the dosage of the drug can lead to serious consequences.
There are specific drugs for each type of parasite:
- Preparations containing mebendazole can neutralize and destroy trichocephalosis and enterobiasis.
- Medicines containing levomizole fight hookworms, roundworms, necator, toxoplasma, roundworms.
Home remedies
It is possible to cure and neutralize worms in adults using traditional methods. Pumpkin seeds are most effective. There is nothing complicated in the recipe.
You need to take the following ingredients:
- 100 g of peeled pumpkin seeds;
- 100 g of water;
- 2 TBSP. l honey;
All of this needs to be mixed thoroughly and pounded into a pulp. This mixture is consumed on an empty stomach with 1 tbsp. Spoons every hour. After that, you need to do a cleansing enema with garlic and take a laxative.
In no case should you self-medicate. Your doctor will tell you how to effectively treat worms. He will also prescribe the correct dosage, necessary diet, and maintenance medication after the parasites have been expelled. There is no need to panic and get hysterical. It is better to band together and defeat this evil as soon as possible.
prophylaxis
Not much is required to circumvent the helminthic invasion. It is enough to adhere to a few tips and recommendations from parasitologists:
- Live a healthy life.
- Use only clean water, individual household items.
- Monitor the health of your pets while taking steps to prevent their helminth infestation.
- Only eat pure food.
- Carry out a thorough heat treatment of meat and fish.
- Take worm medication to help prevent worms, especially if there are four-legged pets at home.
- Try to use lightly salted fish and its caviar as rarely as possible, and it is better to exclude them from the diet entirely.